Churn



A. PATTERSON.

Churn.

Patented March I, 1859.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDRE\V PATTERSON, OFBIRMINGHAM, PENNSYLVANIA.

CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 23,111, dated March 1, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW PATTERSON, of the borough of Birmingham,county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in the Construction of Churns; and I herebydeclare the following is a full and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of thisspecification, and to the letters of reference marked 011 the saiddrawings.

The nature of my invention consists in so arranging the fan or dashwheel relative to the cream chamber that the wheel in its revolutionsshall strike on the surface only of the cream and in so arranging theframe which carries the dash wheel that it may be adjusted to thesurface of the cream when different quantities are to be operated on andin the use of an adjustable partition or division in the cream chamberwhich shall separate the cream into two parts having communication at ornear the bottom of said partition and in the combination of the saidadjustable dash wheel and adjustable partition in such manner that thewheel when it strikes the cream shall impel or throw a portion of itover the said partition when it shall be at rest until displaced bysuccessive portions so that it shall sink down and pass through or underthe bottom of said partition to be again in its turn operated on by thewheel.

To enable others skilled to make and use my invention I will more fullydescribe its various parts and their relation to each other in View ofthe drawings of which- Figure 1 is the perspective of a churn involvingmy improvements and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal perspective sectionexhibiting the interior parts. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section. Fig.i is a plan or top view. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section,exhibiting the dash wheel and division board or partition in two severalpositions. Fig. (3 is a perspective of the arrangement for raising andlowering the dash wheel and partition to suit different quantities ofcream.

The same letters refer to the same parts i1]. all the drawings.

a is the body of the churn or cream chamber. It is conveniei'itly madein the shape of an oblong box open at top to receive the upper or wheelchamber Z) which answers also for the lid or covering of a as well asfor theframe inwhich the fan is arranged.

It is of such size that it will fit neatly inside of a and has an offset.9 at its mouth or bot tom to permit the wheels f &c. to pass into awhen l) is brought to a lower position in a.

The crank shaft z, extends from near the center of 7 the larger wheel orpulley out over the side of a so that the crank will turn freely whenthe wheel is partly inside of (4-4) and all its attachments.

The fan or dash wheel a: y g :z y and the two pulley wheels which driveitare supported on the jointed parallel rest 41 o 0 0 and to. Y V arehorizontal bars running lengthwise of the churn--they are attached onlyto the upright bars 0 0 and the division board to which are attached tothe sides of the chamber a near its bottom. All these attachments are bypivots or hinges and the entire frame 4; o 0 0 and to operate in themanner of a jointed parallel rule as is iahown by the perfect and dottedlines in h z is a handle for raising and lowering the rest o o 0 0 andw. e is metallic frame which fits the handle 72, i and also the edge ofa and will hold the handle and rest in whatever position they areplaced.

9 g g g are pivots by which the uprights 0 0 and w are attached to a.

9* 9" 9 are pivots by which '0 o are attached to 0 0 and w.

s s is a slot in the oflset s to permit the movement of it m Fig. 5indicates the surface of the cream when the churn is full and the otherparts in their proper position as indicated by the perfect lines.

m indicates a lower surface line for the cream and the other dottedlines the position of the fan and division as adapted or adjusted to m.

The arrow indicates the direction of the milk or cream in its passageover the division w when struck by the fan and the arrow indicates thereturn current under the partition.

lNhen constructed as above described my improved churn is used asfollows: Any quantity of cream which a will hold is put into it and therest 0, 0, w, o, o, is raised or lowered until when Z) is placed on itthe buckets or fans will dip about one-eighth of an inch into the creamand the crank is turned rapidly in such manner that the wheel shallimpel the milk or cream which it strikes in the direction of w-and ifthe dash wheel is geared with a multiplying cog or pulley wheel whichwill ive it as great a velocity as can conveniently be had by a handcrank or steam or any other power its efficacy will be proportioned toits velocity and will much exceed any churn with a submerged wheel whichhas not only to churn but to continually lift and agitate a large volumeof cream which it does not churn or break so as to liberate the atoms ofbutter. My improved arrangement also gathers the butter while it ischurning by throwing it over to the opposite side of w from the wheelwhere it gradually collects and when the churning is done the butter isalready gathered.

The conditions 01": my improvement may be answered without the precisemechanical arrangement of parts herein described as A. PATTERSON.

lVitnesses CHAS. B. BARR, i J. H. J ONES.

